Transformations

Transformation of Functions

Rules to Remember

The transformations presented follow these rules:
  • f (x) + C is f(x) translated upward C units

  • f (x) – C is f(x) translated downward C units

  • f (x + H) is f(x) translated left H units

  • f (x – H) is f(x) translated right H units

  • –f(x) is f(x) reflected about the x-axis

  • f (–x) is f(x) reflected about the y-axis